Guion Stewart Bluford Jr., Ph.D. is an American aerospace engineer, retired U.S. Air Force officer and fighter pilot, and former NASA astronaut, who was the first African American in space.[1] Before becoming an astronaut, he was an officer in the U.S. Air Force, where he remained while assigned to NASA, rising to the rank of Colonel. He participated in four Space Shuttle flights between 1983 and 1992. In 1983, as a member of the crew of the Orbiter Challenger on the mission STS-8, he became the first African American in space as well as the second person of African ancestry in space, after Cuban cosmonaut Arnaldo Tamayo Méndez.

Space Shuttle Challenger / OV-099 | STS-8

National Aeronautics and Space Administration | United States of America
Kennedy Space Center, FL, USA
Aug. 30, 1983, 6:32 a.m.

Status: Success

Mission:

STS-8 was the third mission of Space Shuttle Challenger. It deployed an Indian 10 and Weather satellite. It was the first night launch and night landing of the Shuttle program. It also carried the first African-American astronaut; Guion Bluford.

Low Earth Orbit

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Space Shuttle Challenger / OV-099 | STS-61-A

National Aeronautics and Space Administration | United States of America
Kennedy Space Center, FL, USA
Oct. 30, 1985, 5 p.m.

Status: Success

Mission:

STS-61-A was the twenty-second space shuttle flight and ninth for Space Shuttle Challenger. It was a scientific spacelab mission funded entirely by West Germany. The payload operations were controlled from the German Space Operations Center as opposed to the regular NASA centers.

Low Earth Orbit

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Space Shuttle Discovery / OV-103 | STS-39

National Aeronautics and Space Administration | United States of America
Kennedy Space Center, FL, USA
April 28, 1991, 11:33 a.m.

Status: Success

Mission:

STS-39 was the twelfth mission of the Space Shuttle Discovery and its primary purpose was to conduct a variety of payload experiments for the Department of Defence.

Low Earth Orbit

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Space Shuttle Discovery / OV-103 | STS-53

National Aeronautics and Space Administration | United States of America
Kennedy Space Center, FL, USA
Dec. 2, 1992, 1:24 p.m.

Status: Success

Mission:

STS-53 was a Space Shuttle Discovery mission in support of the United States Department of Defense. The mission was launched on 2 December 1992 from Kennedy Space Center, Florida.

Low Earth Orbit

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