Pioneer 4 was a spin-stabilized spacecraft intended as a lunar probe and successfully performed a fly by of the moon at a height of 58983km. Unfortunately it didn't come close enough to trigger its photoelectric sensor.
Juno II was an American space launch vehicle used during the late 1950s and early 1960s. It was derived from the Jupiter missile, which was used as the first stage.
The Army Ballistic Missile Agency was formed to develop the U.S. Army's first large ballistic missile. The agency was established at Redstone Arsenal on 1 February 1956, and commanded by Major General John B. Medaris with Wernher von Braun as technical director.
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