Redstone MRLV | Mercury-Redstone 4
Launch Successful
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Instantaneous launch window.
Launch Window
July 21, 1961, 12:20 p.m. - July 21, 1961, 12:20 p.m.
Instantaneous launch window.
July 21, 1961, 12:20 p.m. - July 21, 1961, 12:20 p.m.
Mercury-Redstone 4 was the second United States human spaceflight, on July 21, 1961. The suborbital Project Mercury flight was launched with a Mercury-Redstone Launch Vehicle, MRLV-8. The spacecraft, Mercury capsule #11, was nicknamed the Liberty Bell 7, and it was piloted by the astronaut Virgil "Gus" Grissom.
The Mercury-Redstone Launch Vehicle, designed for NASA's Project Mercury, was the first American manned space booster. It was used for six sub-orbital Mercury flights from 1960–61; culminating with the launch of the first, and 11 weeks later, the second American (and the second and third humans) in space. The four subsequent Mercury human spaceflights used the more powerful Atlas booster to enter low Earth orbit. A member of the Redstone rocket family, it was derived from the U.S. Army's Redstone ballistic missile and the first stage of the related Jupiter-C launch vehicle; but to human-rate it, the structure and systems were modified to improve safety and reliability.
Mercury No.11 is the Mercury capsule used for the Mercury-Redstone 4 - callsign "Liberty Bell 7" - mission launched on July 21, 1961 and piloted by astronaut Virgil "Gus" Grissom.
Mercury Details
Date of
Birth: April 3, 1926
Date of Death:
Jan. 27, 1967
In July 1959, NASA chose the Redstone missile as the basis for the Mercury-Redstone Launch Vehicle to be used for suborbital test flights of the Project Mercury spacecraft. Three unmanned MRLV launch attempts were made between November 1960 and March 1961, two of which were successful. The MRLV successfully launched the chimpanzee Ham, and astronauts Alan Shepard and Gus Grissom on three suborbital flights in January, May and July 1961, respectively.
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