Bion-M is the next generation of Russian biological research satellites. While retaining the Vostok/Zenit-derived reentry module of the earlier Bion, the propulsion module has been replace by a Yantar type module, which provides maneuvering capabilities and longer mission support. The mission duration has been increased to up to 6 months by using solar cells for energy generation. The weight of scientific equipment has been increased by 100 kilograms.
Low Earth OrbitGlonass-K are the third generation of satellite design for GLONASS satellite navigation system. GLONASS is a Russian space-based navigation system comparable to the similar GPS and Galileo systems. This generation improves on accuracy, power consumption and design life. Each satellite is unpressurized and weighs 935 kg, and has an operational lifetime of 10 years.
Medium Earth OrbitThe Russian Obzor-R satellite is a planned X-band radar earth observation satellite designed by TsSKB-Progress. In 2012, the development of the Arkon-2M radar satellite was stopped and instead the development of the Obzor-R was initiated. The satellite features the BRLK X-band Synthetic Aperture Radar as the imaging instrument with a ground resolution of 500 m.
Sun-Synchronous OrbitGlonass-K are the third generation of satellite design for GLONASS satellite navigation system. GLONASS is a Russian space-based navigation system comparable to the similar GPS and Galileo systems. This generation improves on accuracy, power consumption and design life. Each satellite is unpressurized and weighs 935 kg, and has an operational lifetime of 10 years.
Medium Earth OrbitIonosfera is a constellation of four ionospheric and magnetospheric research satellites developed by for Roscosmos for the project Ionozond. The satellites will operate on circular sun-synchronous orbits (SSO), at altitude of about 800 km and located in two orbital planes of two satellites each. The following science instruments are carried on the satellites: * SPER/1 Plasma and energy radiation spectrometer * SG/1 Gamma-ray spectrometer * GALS/1 Galactic cosmic ray spectrometer / 1 * LAERTES On-board Ionosonde * NBK/2 Low-frequency wave complex * ESEP Ionospheric plasma energy spectrometer * Ozonometer-TM Ozonometer * MayaK On-board radio transmitters * PES GPS-GLONASS device
Sun-Synchronous OrbitGlonass-K2 are the fourth generation of satellite design for GLONASS satellite navigation system. GLONASS is a Russian space-based navigation system comparable to the similar GPS and Galileo systems. This generation improves on accuracy, power consumption and design life. Each satellite is unpressurized and weighs 1645 kg, and has an operational lifetime of 10 years.
Medium Earth OrbitThe Kondor-FKA is a small civilian radar Earth observation satellite designed by NPO Mashinostroyeniya as a civilian counterpart to the Kondor-E satellite. The Kondor satellite features a S-band synthetic aperture radar (SAR), which can conduct both continous swath surweys or detailed spot surveys. The swath width is 10 km. Ground resolution is 1 to 2 m in spotlight mode, 1 to 3 m in stripmap mode and 5 to 30 m in ScanSAR mode.
Sun-Synchronous Orbit