Soyuz TM-30 was the 39th mission and the 28th long-duration expedition to Mir space station. It was the final human spaceflight to Mir. The mission began on April 4, 2000, 05:01:29 UTC, launching Commander Sergei Zalyotin and Flight Engineer Aleksandr Kaleri into orbit. They docked with Mir two days later. During their stay there, cosmonauts performed an EVA and various maintenance and repair tasks. Station crew was visited by several Progress resupply spacecrafts. The mission was privately funded by MirCorp company, which planned to refurbish and privatize the aging Mir space station, however insufficient funding and investment made these plans impossible to come true. The mission concluded with a safe landing back on Earth on June 16, 2000, 00:44 UTC.
Low Earth OrbitIMAGE (Imager for Magnetopause to Aurora Global Exploration) uses neutral atom, ultraviolet, and radio imaging techniques to identify the dominant mechanisms for injecting plasma into the magnetosphere on substorm and magnetic storm time scales, determine the directly driven response of the magnetosphere to solar wind changes; and, discover how and where magnetospheric plasmas are energized, transported, and subsequently lost during substorms and magnetic storms.
Elliptical OrbitThe primary objective of MTI (Multispectral Thermal Imager) was to demonstrate advanced multispectral and thermal imaging, image processing, and associated technologies that could be used in future systems for detecting and characterizing facilities producing weapons of mass destruction using radiometrically accurate, high spatial resolution, multispectral imaging.
Polar OrbitExpress-A satellites are designed for operation in the fixed satellite service. Their transponder payloads make it possible to retransmit all types of traffic, including television and radio programming, telephony, data, videoconferencing as well as high-speed Internet.
Geostationary OrbitSTS-99 was a Space Shuttle mission using Endeavour, that launched on 11 February 2000 from Kennedy Space Center, Florida. The primary objective of the mission was the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) project. This was also the last solo flight of Endeavour; all future flights for Endeavour became devoted to the International Space Station.
Low Earth Orbit