Previous Spaceflight Launches
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Soyuz U | Progress M-21
Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS) | RussiaBaikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan
Jan. 28, 1994, 2:12 a.m.
Titan II SLV | Clementine 1
Lockheed Martin | United States of AmericaVandenberg SFB, CA, USA
Jan. 25, 1994, 4:34 p.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:
The DSPSE (Deep Space Program Science Experiment), the first of a series of Clementine technology demonstrations jointly sponsored by the Ballistic Missile Defense Organization (BMDO) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), launched in early 1994. Its principal objective is to space qualify lightweight imaging sensors and component technologies for the next generation of Department of Defense (DoD) spacecraft. The Clementine mission uses the Moon, a near-Earth asteroid (1620 Geographos), and the spacecraft's Interstage Adapter (ISA) as targets to demonstrate lightweight component and sensor performance.
Lunar Orbit
Tsiklon-3 | Meteor-3 6
Yuzhnoye Design Bureau | UkrainePlesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation
Jan. 25, 1994, 12:25 a.m.
Ariane 44LP | Eutelsat 2 F5 & Türksat 1A
Aérospatiale | FranceGuiana Space Centre, French Guiana
Jan. 24, 1994, 9:37 p.m.
Proton-K/DM-2M | Gals 1
Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center | RussiaBaikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan
Jan. 20, 1994, 9:49 a.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:
The Gals television broadcasting satellite, originally expected to be launched by December, 1990, was designed to support a variety of direct broadcast customers, including professional broadcasting firms (having antenna 2.5 m in diameter), community associations (receiving antenna 1.5 m), and individuals (receiving antenna 0.6-0.9 m). The year 1994 marked the long awaited debut of the first of the next-generation Russian geosynchronous communications satellites.
Geostationary Orbit
Soyuz-U2 | Soyuz TM-18
Soviet Space Program | RussiaBaikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan
Jan. 8, 1994, 10:05 a.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:
Soyuz TM-18 was the 18th mission and the 15th long-duration expedition to Mir space station. The mission began on January 8, 1994, 10:05:34 UTC, launching Commander Viktor Afanasyev, Flight Engineer Yury Usachov and Research Cosmonaut Valeri Polyakov into orbit. They docked with Mir two days later. During their stay there, cosmonauts carried out various scientific experiments in medicine, material sciences, astrophysics etc. Station crew was visited by several Progress resupply spacecrafts, and welcomed aboard the Soyuz TM-19 crew. The mission concluded with a safe landing back on Earth on July 9, 1994, 10:32:35 UTC.
Low Earth OrbitMolniya-M | Molniya-1T 87
Russian Space Forces | RussiaPlesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation
Dec. 22, 1993, 8:37 p.m.
Ariane 44L | DirecTV 1 & Thaicom 1
Aérospatiale | FranceGuiana Space Centre, French Guiana
Dec. 18, 1993, 1:27 a.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:
DirecTV 1 is a high-powered satellites built by Hughes Space and Communications Company (HSC) which began bringing true direct broadcast satellite (DBS) service to homes throughout North America in 1994. Thaicom 1 is a Thai communications satellite.
Geostationary OrbitAtlas IIAS | Telstar 401
Lockheed Martin | United States of AmericaCape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA
Dec. 16, 1993, 12:40 a.m.
Delta II | NATO 4B
United Launch Alliance | United States of AmericaCape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA
Dec. 8, 1993, 12:48 a.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:
NATO-4 is the a communications satellite system serving the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and British Ministry of Defense. NATO 4A was the first of two new-generation comsats offering secure military and diplomatic voice and data communications to NATO member nations and troops in the field. The satellites offered spot beam and global coverage to reach a wide range of ground stations and ships at sea.
Geostationary Orbit
