Previous Spaceflight Launches

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Mu-3H | Jikiken

Institute of Space and Astronautical Science | Japan
Uchinoura Space Center, Japan
Sept. 16, 1978, 5 a.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

Japanese magnetospheric research satellite

Elliptical Orbit
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Proton-K/D-1 | Venera-12

Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center | Russia
Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan
Sept. 14, 1978, 2:25 a.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

Venus orbiter and lander

Venus Orbit
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Soyuz U | Zenit-4MKM 20

Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS) | Russia
Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation
Sept. 9, 1978, 3 p.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

High-resolution film-return Zenit reconnaissance satellite

Low Earth Orbit
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Proton-K/D-1 | Venera-11

Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center | Russia
Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan
Sept. 9, 1978, 3:25 a.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

Venus orbiter and lander

Venus Orbit
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Molniya-M | US-K 10

Russian Space Forces | Russia
Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation
Sept. 6, 1978, 3:04 a.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

Early warning satellite

Elliptical Orbit
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Soyuz U | Zenit-4MKM 19

Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS) | Russia
Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation
Aug. 29, 1978, 3 p.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

High-resolution film-return Zenit reconnaissance satellite

Low Earth Orbit
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Soyuz-U | Soyuz 31

Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS) | Russia
Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan
Aug. 26, 1978, 2:51 p.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

Soyuz 31 was the sixth mission to visit the Salyut 6 space station and carried the the EP-4 crew, which visited the long-duration Soyuz 29 resident crew. The mission began on August 26, 1978, 14:51:30 UTC, launching Commander Valery Bukovsky and Research Cosmonaut/Flight Engineer Sigmund Jähn, the first German cosmonaut, into orbit. They docked with the station the next day. During their stay on the station, crew conducted various scientific experiments. Soyuz 31 crew swapped vehicles with the Soyuz 29 (EO-2 expedition) crew, which allowed for a longer stay in orbit for EO-2. The mission concluded with a safe landing back on Earth on September 3, 1978, 11:40:34 UTC.

Low Earth Orbit
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Molniya-M | Molniya-1K 42

Russian Space Forces | Russia
Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation
Aug. 22, 1978, 11:47 p.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

Military communications satellite in a highly elliptic orbit

Elliptical Orbit
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Proton-K/DM | Ekran

Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center | Russia
Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan
Aug. 17, 1978, 8:02 p.m.
Status: Launch Failure
Mission:

Ekran was a Soviet series of geostationary satellites which were the first in the world to provide Direct-To-Home TV service.

Geostationary Orbit
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Delta 2914 | ISEE 3

McDonnell Douglas | United States of America
Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA
Aug. 12, 1978, 3:12 p.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

Astrophysics research satellite. Initially in orbit around L1, then on a heliocentric orbit.

Heliocentric L1
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