Previous Spaceflight Launches
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Space Shuttle Discovery / OV-103 | STS-60
National Aeronautics and Space Administration | United States of AmericaKennedy Space Center, FL, USA
Feb. 3, 1994, 12:10 p.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:
STS-60 was the first mission of the US/Russian Shuttle-Mir Program, which carried Sergei K. Krikalev, the first Russian cosmonaut to fly aboard a Space Shuttle. The mission used Space Shuttle Discovery, which lifted off from Launch Pad 39A on 3 February 1994 from Kennedy Space Center, Florida. The mission carried the Wake Shield Facility experiment and a SPACEHAB module into orbit, and carried out a live bi-directional audio and downlink link-up with the cosmonauts aboard the Russian space station Mir.
Low Earth Orbit
Soyuz U | Progress M-21
Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS) | RussiaBaikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan
Jan. 28, 1994, 2:12 a.m.
Titan II SLV | Clementine 1
Lockheed Martin | United States of AmericaVandenberg SFB, CA, USA
Jan. 25, 1994, 4:34 p.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:
The DSPSE (Deep Space Program Science Experiment), the first of a series of Clementine technology demonstrations jointly sponsored by the Ballistic Missile Defense Organization (BMDO) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), launched in early 1994. Its principal objective is to space qualify lightweight imaging sensors and component technologies for the next generation of Department of Defense (DoD) spacecraft. The Clementine mission uses the Moon, a near-Earth asteroid (1620 Geographos), and the spacecraft's Interstage Adapter (ISA) as targets to demonstrate lightweight component and sensor performance.
Lunar Orbit
Tsiklon-3 | Meteor-3 6
Yuzhnoye Design Bureau | UkrainePlesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation
Jan. 25, 1994, 12:25 a.m.
Ariane 44LP | Eutelsat 2 F5 & Türksat 1A
Aérospatiale | FranceGuiana Space Centre, French Guiana
Jan. 24, 1994, 9:37 p.m.
Proton-K/DM-2M | Gals 1
Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center | RussiaBaikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan
Jan. 20, 1994, 9:49 a.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:
The Gals television broadcasting satellite, originally expected to be launched by December, 1990, was designed to support a variety of direct broadcast customers, including professional broadcasting firms (having antenna 2.5 m in diameter), community associations (receiving antenna 1.5 m), and individuals (receiving antenna 0.6-0.9 m). The year 1994 marked the long awaited debut of the first of the next-generation Russian geosynchronous communications satellites.
Geostationary Orbit
Soyuz-U2 | Soyuz TM-18
Soviet Space Program | RussiaBaikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan
Jan. 8, 1994, 10:05 a.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:
Soyuz TM-18 was the 18th mission and the 15th long-duration expedition to Mir space station. The mission began on January 8, 1994, 10:05:34 UTC, launching Commander Viktor Afanasyev, Flight Engineer Yury Usachov and Research Cosmonaut Valeri Polyakov into orbit. They docked with Mir two days later. During their stay there, cosmonauts carried out various scientific experiments in medicine, material sciences, astrophysics etc. Station crew was visited by several Progress resupply spacecrafts, and welcomed aboard the Soyuz TM-19 crew. The mission concluded with a safe landing back on Earth on July 9, 1994, 10:32:35 UTC.
Low Earth OrbitMolniya-M | Molniya-1T 87
Russian Space Forces | RussiaPlesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation
Dec. 22, 1993, 8:37 p.m.
Ariane 44L | DirecTV 1 & Thaicom 1
Aérospatiale | FranceGuiana Space Centre, French Guiana
Dec. 18, 1993, 1:27 a.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:
DirecTV 1 is a high-powered satellites built by Hughes Space and Communications Company (HSC) which began bringing true direct broadcast satellite (DBS) service to homes throughout North America in 1994. Thaicom 1 is a Thai communications satellite.
Geostationary OrbitAtlas IIAS | Telstar 401
Lockheed Martin | United States of AmericaCape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA
Dec. 16, 1993, 12:40 a.m.
